Vannamei Farming: Profitable Shrimp Farming Technique

Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) farming has gained significant attention in the aquaculture industry due to its high growth rate, adaptability to various environments, and delicious taste. Vannamei is also called white-leg shrimp. It is practiced across several states of India including Andhra Pradesh which is the largest producer followed by Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, etc.

PRODUCTION STRATEGY

The following are key strategies used in production:-

Broodstock choice

 On the basis of genetic traits, disease resistance, and growth performance, high-quality broodstock is chosen.

Operations for hatcheries

 In hatcheries, vannamei prawns go through a carefully monitored breeding procedure to create ideal circumstances for egg fertilization and hatching.

Production of post-larvae (PL)

 The prawn larvae are raised in controlled surroundings after hatching until they reach the post-larval stage, PL10-15 at which point they are stocked in grow-out ponds.

Growing ponds

 The post-larvae are moved to ponds that have been specially created for their growth and development.

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FARMING IN PONDS

Following is the farming strategy used in ponds:-

Pond preparation

 To produce the best conditions for prawn growth, the pond is completely cleaned before stocking, and its water quality parameters including temperature, salinity, pH, etc are adjusted.

 Stocking density

 Depending on variables including water quality, pond size, and market demand, different stocking densities are appropriate. Typically, a prawn density of 15 to 25 per square meter is advised.

Feed management

 To address the nutritional needs of prawns, premium pelleted foods are supplied to them. To avoid either overfeeding or underfeeding, the amount and frequency of feeding are carefully monitored.

Water management

For prawn health and growth, maintaining ideal water quality is essential. Water must be exchanged or treated as needed, and oxygen, pH, ammonia, and nitrite levels must all be regularly monitored.

Disease prevention

Strict biosecurity procedures, including as disinfection, to avoid disease- Preventing the transmission of disease: Strict biosecurity measures, such as disinfection guidelines and quarantine practices, aid in this effort. Regular health examinations and effective illness control techniques are used.

Harvesting and Processing

Shrimp are collected whenever they reach the desired size, which is often after 90 to 120 days. They are meticulously gathered, sorted, and prepared for shipment to the market.

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ADVANTAGES

The following are the advantages of Vannamei shrimp farming:-

Rapid growth

 Compared to other shrimp species, vannamei shrimp develop quickly, enabling earlier harvests and shorter production cycles.

High yield

 Compared to conventional shrimp farming techniques, Vannamei farming may produce more shrimp per unit area with correct management.

Adaptability

Vannamei prawns are extremely adaptable and may live in a variety of different environments with varying salinities.

Lessened environmental impact

 Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), which use less water and discharge less effluent, can be used to grow vannamei in a more sustainable way.

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