Agricultural Practices Followed in The State of Arunachal Pradesh

Arunachal Pradesh is a state in Northeast India, known for its rich natural resources and diverse topography, ranging from snow-clad mountains to subtropical forests. Agriculture is one of the primary occupations in Arunachal Pradesh, and the state has significant potential for agricultural development.

The state's agricultural sector is dominated by the cultivation of rice, maize, millet, wheat, pulses, oilseeds, and vegetables. The state's fertile lands, abundant water resources, and favourable climatic conditions make it suitable for the cultivation of a variety of crops. Arunachal Pradesh is also known for its large production of oranges, kiwis, and pineapples.

In recent years, the state government has also taken various initiatives to promote modern farming practices like the use of modern agricultural machinery, high-yield crop varieties, and crop diversification. The government has also introduced various schemes and subsidies to encourage farmers to adopt modern agricultural practices.

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Common Agricultural Practices Followed in Arunachal Pradesh:

Jhum Cultivation:

Jhum cultivation or shifting cultivation is widely practised by the indigenous tribes of Arunachal Pradesh. In this method, a portion of forest land is cleared, and the vegetation is burned to make way for crop cultivation. The cultivated area is used for a few years and then left to regrow naturally while the farmer moves to another plot of land.

Terrace Farming:

In areas where the terrain is hilly, terrace farming is practised. The land is converted into terraced fields to prevent soil erosion and conserve water. The terraces are constructed by cutting the slopes into a series of flat, levelled fields supported by stone or brick walls.

Wet Rice Cultivation:

Wet rice cultivation is a traditional farming practice followed in the plains of Arunachal Pradesh. The fields are irrigated by channels, and the paddy fields are ploughed using traditional methods like bullocks, buffalo, or human labour as well as modern methods like tractors with cultivators.

Horticulture:

Horticulture crops like oranges, apples, kiwis, pineapples, and bananas are also grown in the state. The state has suitable agro-climatic conditions for the cultivation of fruits and vegetables.

Animal Husbandry:

Animal husbandry is an important component of agriculture in Arunachal Pradesh. The rearing of Mithun (Bos frontalis), yak, cattle, poultry, and pigs is common in the state.

Fisheries:

The state has abundant natural water resources, and the fisheries sector plays an essential role in the state's economy. The state has 42 species of freshwater fish, including carp, catfish, and trout.

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